iPosture: The Size of Electronic Consumer Devices Affects our Behavior

We examined whether incidental body posture, prompted by working on electronic devices of different sizes, affects power-related behaviors. Grounded in research showing that adopting expansive body postures increases psychological power, we hypothesized that working on larger devices, which forces people to physically expand, causes users to behave more assertively. Participants were randomly assigned to interact with one of four electronic devices that varied in size: an iPod Touch, an iPad, a MacBook Pro (laptop computer), or an iMac (desktop computer). As hypothesized, compared to participants working on larger devices (e.g., an iMac), participants who worked on smaller devices (e.g., an iPad) behaved less assertively – waiting longer to interrupt an experimenter who had made them wait, or not interrupting at all

An Evaluation of DIP's impact on offending in Merseyside

This report aimed to provide the Merseyside teams with an assessment of offending outcomes for clients who tested positive between May and July 2011 as part of the Drug Interventions Programme (DIP) and also investigate what critical factors relating to client attributes may have influenced this offending. Findings illustrated in the first instance that across Merseyside, contact with the DIP process as a whole has an extremely positive impact on offending. The client group we examined saw a reduction of 33% in their volume of offending in the 12 months post contact with DIP compared to the 12 months pre. The findings also suggest however that these levels of reduction are not dependent on the level of DIP involvement with the highest reductions seen among those clients who had no further DIP contact following their initial arrest and positive drug test. Nevertheless the data does show the benefits of clients receiving a care plan as a result of their DIP contact, with these clients significantly less likely either re-present to DIP or go to prison in the future than those who were not care planned. Furthermore, clients who had meaningful contact with DIP teams post positive test (i.e. undergoing assessments with DIP workers) were significantly less likely to offend in the future than those without DIP contact. Overall, the report shows that the DIP process and contact with both Merseyside Police and DIP teams contributes substantially to reducing offending and demonstrates the worth of both Test on Arrest and DIP to the overall criminal justice system. Findings were not the same in all areas and teams should consult the discussion chapter in this report for outcomes for their specific area and recommendations where applicable. It should be noted that this piece of work is focused on one of the primary aims of DIP; to reduce offending. It is not the intention of the report to make any suggestion about the impact of DIP intervention on the health or drug use of clients

DIP Merseyside Demographic Report 2013/14: An evaluation of DIP’s Impact on Offending.

The main objective of the Drug Interventions Programme (DIP) is to identify and engage with drug using offenders in the criminal justice system (CJS) in order to channel them into appropriate treatment services. In line with research evidence it assumes that if this treatment is effective it will result in reduced drug use and therefore reduced levels of offending. This report aims to provide the Merseyside DIP teams and commissioners with summary information regarding the characteristics of the clients who were assessed between April 2011 and March 2014

Gendered Races: Implications for Interracial Marriage, Leadership Selection, and Athletic Participation

Six studies explored the overlap between racial and gender stereotypes and the consequences of this overlap for interracial dating, leadership selection, and athletic participation. Two initial studies, utilizing explicit and implicit measures, captured the stereotype content of different racial groups: the Asian stereotype was seen as more feminine whereas the Black stereotype more masculine compared to the White stereotype. Study 3 found that preferences for masculinity versus femininity mediated White participants' attraction to Blacks relative to Asians. Analysis of the 2000 United States Census replicated this pattern with interracial marriages. In Study 5, Blacks were more likely and Asians less likely to be selected for a masculine leadership position compared to Whites. Study 6 analyzed the NCAA Student-Athlete Ethnicity Report and found Blacks were more heavily represented in masculine versus feminine sports relative to Asians. These studies demonstrate that the association between racial and gender stereotypes has important real-world consequences

Aid in the Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina: Inferences of Secondary Emotions and Intergroup Helping

This research examines inferences about the emotional states of ingroup and outgroup victims after a natural disaster, and whether these inferences predict intergroup helping. Two weeks after Hurricane Katrina struck the southern United States, White and non-White participants were asked to infer the emotional states of an individualized Black or White victim, and were asked to report their intentions to help such victims. Overall, participants believed that an outgroup victim experienced fewer secondary, ‘uniquely human’ emotions (e.g. anguish, mourning, remorse) than an ingroup victim. The extent to which participants did infer secondary emotions about outgroup victims, however, predicted their helping intentions; in other words, those participants who did not dehumanize outgroup victims were the individuals most likely to report intentions to volunteer for hurricane relief efforts. This investigation extends prior research by: (1) demonstrating infraglobalhumanization of individualized outgroup members (as opposed to aggregated outgroups); (2) examining infrahumanization via inferred emotional states (as opposed to attributions of emotions as stereotypic traits); and (3) identifying a relationship between infra-humanization of outgroup members and reduced intergroup helping

DIP Merseyside Drug Testing Report (April 2013 - March 2014)

The Drug Interventions Programme (DIP) is an initiative set up by the Home Office in 2003 with an overarching aim to break the cycle of drug misuse and crime and as a result reduce acquisitive crime in communities within England and Wales. The DIP process is seen as an important early engagement opportunity, via drug testing, as many of the clients who are assessed for DIP can be some of the most difficult to reach problematic drug users. This report focuses on the seven Merseyside custody suites which carried out drug tests between April 2013 and March 2014, the demographic details captured during the drug testing process and the times at which drug tests were carried out. This report aims to complement the findings from previous reports on this topic in order to provide Merseyside police and local Drug (Alcohol) Action Teams (D(A)AT) with up to date information regarding the clients who are arrested and drug tested, the times of these presentations and outcomes of drug tests carried out in these custody suites

The Benefit of Power Posing Before a High-Stakes Social Evaluation

The current experiment tested whether changing one‘s nonverbal behavior prior to a high-stakes social evaluation could improve performance in the evaluated task. Participants adopted expansive, open (high-power) poses, or contractive, closed (low-power) poses, and then prepared and delivered a speech to two evaluators as part of a mock job interview, a prototypical social evaluation. All speeches were videotaped and coded for overall performance and hireability, and the potential mediators of speech quality (e.g., content, structure) and presentation quality (e.g., captivating, confident). As predicted, high power posers performed better and were more likely to be chosen for hire, and this relationship was mediated only by presentation quality, not speech quality. Power pose condition had no effect on body posture during the social evaluation, thus highlighting the relationship between preparatory nonverbal behavior and subsequent performance

Treatment Outcomes for DIP Clients in Liverpool (July 11 - June 12)

The main objective of the Drug Interventions Programme (DIP) is to identify and engage with drug users in the criminal justice system in order to channel them into appropriate treatment services. In line with research evidence it is assumed that if this treatment is effective it will result in reduced drug use and therefore reduced offending. This report aims to investigate outcomes for DIP clients resident in Liverpool who were referred to treatment between 1st July 2011 and 31st December 2011 as part of their DIP care plan and who had a corresponding treatment journey recorded on the National Drug Treatment Monitoring System (NDTMS) (including data from the Treatment Outcomes Profile) between 1st July 2011 and 30th June 2012